TV Scheduling

To complete this task I lookked at a TV schedule and I identified programmes within them. This allowed me to see how TV scheduling worked and what it involved.

A schedule is the pattern in which media programmes are arranged and presented to the audience.

The TV schedule for everyday can be broken down into five clear segments. The segments are;

·                     6am-9am: Breakfast time TV

·                     9am-3pm: Daytime TV

·                     3pm-6pm: Kids TV

·                     6pm-9pm: Peak time

·                     9pm onwards: Post watershed

The target audience for these segments are;

Breakfast: People who get up early generally, children going to school, adults going to work and housewives.

Daytime: Unemployed/retired people, housewives and students.

Peak: Everyone/families.

Post Watershed- Adults.

The most popular genres on television are;

·                     Soaps

·                     Police dramas

·                     Reality TV

·                     Games shows

·                     Cooking shows

National and local news as well as kids TV are compulsary.

The target audience for the terrestrials channels are;

·                     BBC- Everyone, because its a PSB.

·                     BBC 2- Minority audience

·                     ITV1- Adults

·                     Channel 4- Minority audience

·                     Five- Everyone

Some channels have repeats  in their channels, BBC1 and ITV1 contain less than 2% of repeats as they __ meanwhile BBC2, Channel 4 and Five contain more than 50% repeats.

Some channels include imported programmes in their scheduling. For example, Channel 4 and Five, They do this for revenue as they can make money buying programmes that are already made and advertise during them, this is a cheaper alternative to them making their own programmes.

Watershed is the unwritten agreement between broadcasters that they will air explicit and unsensored programmes after the watershed which is at 9pm.

Hammocking- the strategic placement of a programme between two other programmes; positioning a new series between two well established shows that appeal to the same target audience often gives the right viewers an opportunity to sample the new series.

Pre-echo- Programme placed on schedule to come before a popular programme.

Inheritance- Programme placed after a successful programme in the hopes of inheriting some of it's audience.

TV listings will say the programme starts at a certain time. For example, Eastenders will start at 7.30pm however the programme rarely starts at that time because there is an advert strategically placed at 7.30pm which advertises a programme to a captive audience.

TV has progressed a considerable amount. For example, In the 1970's there was only 4 channels therefore the audience was more likely to stay watching that channel all night. However, because now we have such a variety of channels it means there's no shared experience, this is audience fragmentation (lots of people watching lots of different stuff).

Its Good To Talk: Evaluation

There a a number of things I would do to improve my preliminary task as it is far from perfect.
The first major issue which there was with our interview was that half the footage that we filmed had lost its sound and so we were unable to use that half of the footage. As we were unable to re film this footage due to time restraints this meant our interview was half the length it was intended to be. Next time we would ensure that the audio was working after each question to avoid the same problem.

There is not a massive change in the framing of the shot for each shot as the zoom is minimal and does not change the shot massivley. The camera was also a little bit off set and wasn't framed straight. Although it is barely noticable it looks unprofessional and can make the viewer feel disorientated if it is at too much of an angle.

The speech by the interviewee didn't really make sense when you listened to it back because obviously the questions were cut out so the viewer is reliant on the the interviewee's answer to work out what the question was. The interviewee's answers were pretty much straight and only a few answers made the question obvious. This means we will have to make sure the interviewees answer make the question obvious.

Preliminary Task: "Game Of Phones" - Final Product

This was the final video that we came up with for our preliminary task.

Its Good To Talk: Editing

This was the editing process of our our doucmentary - Game of Phones.

We started off by importing all our footage into Adobe Premier Pro. This allowed us to view and split each clip as we went along and added different parts of each part of our interview.

We cut each answer from our interviewee's response to the interview question and dragged it onto the timeline of the video.

We continued this until we had most of the answers placed on the timeline. We did however have an issue where the second half of our audio didnt record and so we could not put the second half of our interview into the finished video.

We then started to look through our cutaway footage and started to cut short sections of them and layer them onto the Video 2 layer to cover up any jumpcuts between questions. These were varied lengths because some cutaways were only cut minimally because they needed to be shown completely. ie. Someone typing on a phone.

We completed placing all our cutaways onto the video 2 layer and covered all the jumpcuts. We also had to put left audio onto the audio so that it was hearable through both speakers or headphones dependant on how the audience watched it.

We then added titles to show the interviewee's name and relevance to the topic that they were answering questions on. We put the text over a black box because it was indistuinguishable without it.

We finally added our titles and music base to the video. The music ensured that the background did not sound empty. The title fades in and out over a still image.

It's Good To Talk: Filming

We decided to do our interview filming first as it was the biggest chunk  of the filming that we needed to do. We seated our interviewee at a table so that we could place phones on the table to create the mise on scene as we had nothing big enough to put in the background.

(Interviewee)

(nterviewer/Camera Set Up)

We positioned the camera on a tripod on the opposite side of he table to the interviewee and the interviewer to the opposite side f the camera shot that the interviewee was sat. This ensured that the interviewee was not looking into the camera and was looking off screen at the interviewer.

 

We then filmed an over the shoulder shot of a subject browsing a online phone shop to start of our cutaways.

 

 

We then filmed a close up of a text being written and also someone browsing Twitter and Facebook.

 

We then filmed some close ups of a variety of phones and panned across them as well.

 

We also filmed people using their phones as cutaways to show how people were always using them.

 

I think some of the cutaway shots could have been improved by using a tripod but at times it was impractical and there was nowhere to place it.

 



Preliminary Task: It's Good To Talk

We started off by talking about the interview questions an discussing the cutaways which we could use which linked to them.
These were our initial ideas: n a small group we had to come up with the ideas to make a short exert of a documentary on phones. We had to come up with ideas for content and a name for the programme. These were our ideas.

• Someone texting/on the phone.
• Someone browsing phone sales/contracts online.
• Displaying old Phones.
• Using App Store
• Using social networking
• Emailing
• Text language
• 4 People in room/sat at a table texting
• Phone shops.
• Old to new transition panning shot.

We then discussed the props we would need for the task:

• A variety of old and new phones.
• Computers

Mise-en-scene:

• People sat with a computer screen behind them.
• Picture of phones.

We then discussed a name for our documentary.

• Game of Phones.
• Fones

Codes and Conventions of Filming and Editing Interviews

In class we compared two interviews to establish the codes and conventions of interviews.
They were:

In the Teeth of Jaws - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=42Zj8R0Kumw

The Making of Downton Abbey - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EVJn5SN-eg4

Camerawork:

• The interviewee is always placed to the left or right of the frame with their eyeline a third of the way down the shot.

• The interviewer is always placed to the opposite side of the camera shot just out of the shot so that when the interviewee responds to the question they are looking at the interviewer and not into the camera (This prevents direct address and the interviewee looking into the lens of the camera)
• The camera shot can be adjusted during the short period of time that questions are being asked.

Mise-en-scene:

• The background of the interview is normally relevant to the topic of the interview. For example; the Downton Abbey interviews were shot on set so that the background was that of the programme and so gave it a period feel, and in the Jaws interviews a giant image of a shark with its mouth open was used.

• You never place an interviewee in front of a window because it creates a silhouette of that person and makes their face unclear.

Editing:

• The interviewer is never heard asking the questions to the interviewee. This time is covered by editing cutaways into the interview so that it covers this time.
• They are also used to show archive material if the interviewee starts to discuss something which it is relavent to.
• Cutaways are also used to avoid jump cuts and to break up the inteview so that the whole programme is not one big interview.

Graphics:

• Text is overlayed onto the interview at the beginning of each new interviewee's interview for a few seconds so that the audience know who the person is and how they relate to the topic.

 

Sound:

• The background music always relates to the topic of the interview and/or programme. For example; The Jaws theme song was used in the Jaws interview and period music was playing during the Downton Abbey one.

 

Codes and Conventions Of A TV Documentary

In class we found out and researched about the codes and conventions of a TV Documentary and found out what they were. We then put our research together to form a piece of work which we could refer back to.

Documentary Analysis 5: Gibraltar: My Rock

I then went on to study the documentary "Gibraltar: My Rock". This documenatry followed a girl who was getting married in Gibraltar and about the islands history

Gibraltar

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Click – BBC 2 from RachLou96

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